What is Carbon?

Contents

What is Carbon?
Carbon
Overview
The Peak of FRPs: Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP)
- Key Characteristics of Carbon Fiber
Summary

What is Carbon?

Among materials used to reduce weight, you are likely to come across terms such as carbon, carbon fiber, carbon fibers, carbon fiber-reinforced plastics, and carbon fiber composite materials. These materials are popularly featured as lightweight and strong alternatives to metals. But what are they exactly?

Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. The name comes from the Latin word carbo (carbone in French), meaning coal. Carbon is an essential building block of natural matter and exists in a diverse range of forms and allotropes, from hard diamonds to soft and pliable graphite. First appearing in 1959, carbon fiber application exploded in the 1970s with widespread use in aircrafts and sporting equipment. In recent years, we have been leveraging the exceptional lightweight and high-strength properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) toward added weight reduction in specialized fields such as car racing and airborne mobility.

Overview

Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) is the general term for plastic polymers that are reinforced with a fiber material. The various types of FRP, denoted by the first letter of the acronym, are dependent on the fiber used. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP), for example, is a FRP that uses carbon fiber to reinforce the plastic base material. C refers to carbon, G for glass, and A for aramid. The term composite simply refers to a new material created from a composition of two or more materials, such as resin (plastic polymer).

The Peak of FRPs: Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP)

Most FRP applications utilize glass fibers as the reinforcing material, whereas CFRP is a carbon fiber-specific composite. Carbon fiber is a fiber material produced by carbonizing acrylonitrile (PAN) fibers or pitch, a by-product of petroleum, coal, or coal tar and is classified according to the raw materials used: PAN-based carbon fiber for the former, and Pitch-based carbon fiber for the later. The impressive lightweight qualities and superior strength of CFRP makes it the popular material of choice in aviation, automobile, and sporting equipment industries.

Key Characteristics of Carbon Fiber

One-fourth the specific gravity of iron.
Ten times the specific strength of iron.
Seven times the specific modulus of elasticity, compared to iron.

In addition to its renowned “strong, lightweight, and non-corrosive” properties, carbon fiber showcases a range of other features such as X-ray permeability, electrical conductivity, thermal resistance, and low expansion.

Summary

This issue discusses carbon used in Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics. Detailed information on these advanced materials, specifically engineered to exhibit high-performance properties, is still limited and often confusing or obscure.

To summarize, the “lightweight, strong, and non-corrosive” properties of FRP offer incredible potential in diverse fields. However, there are still challenges to overcome, including complex manufacturing processes, costs, productivity, and recyclability. We hope you will consider adopting CFRP with a thorough understanding of these disadvantages and advantages.

ABOUT UCHIDA - 55 years since our founding

We leverage a wealth of technical expertise as a CFRP molding and processing manufacturer using FRP, GFRP, and CFRP materials. We offer a one-stop solution, encompassing design, analysis, manufacturing, secondary processing, assembly, painting, quality assurance, and testing.

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UCHIDA's equipment

We have cutting-edge equipment to ensure that we can address even the most advanced challenges of our customers.

DMG森精機 - VS1000/40/2050
X軸：2,050mm（ストローク）／ Y軸：1,000mm ／ Z軸：600mm ／テーブル作業面：2,250×1,000mm

ASHIDA MFG Co., Ltd.
Autoclave Oven 2
Size : Ø1,150x1,000mm / Operating temperature : at normal temperature - 400℃ / Design pressure : 2.0Mpa (maximum working pressure) / Vacuum system : back suction system / Vacuum units : 5

ASHIDA MFG Co., Ltd.
Autoclave Oven 3
Size : Ø3,000x6,000mm / Operating temperature : at normal temperature - 200℃ / Distribution accuracy : ±2.5℃less / Heating rate : 4.0℃/min. (empty furnace) / Cooling rate : 4.0℃/min. (empty furnace) / Design pressure : 0.99Mpa (maximum working pressure) / Working pressure : 0.7Mpa less (if no specification from the manufacuturer 0.3Mpa around) / Pressure accuracy : ±0.02Mpa（for pressure setting of ０ - 0.99Mpa/cm²） / Boost pressure accuracy : 0 - 0.03Mpa/min / Pressure source : compressed air (regular use) / Vacuum system : back suction system / Vacuum units : 10

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Oven
Size : W1,000xH1,000xD1,000mm / Temperature range : Environmental Temperature +20 - 300℃ / Temperature elevation capability : Environmental Temperature (20 - 40℃) - 300℃ / 45min less / Vacuum system : back suction system / Vacuum units : 10

ESPEC CORP.
Temperature & Humidity Chamber

INSTRON
Static Universal Testing Machine 5985

Oven
Size : W7,000xH3,000xD2,000mm / Temperature range : Environmental Temperature +20 - 300℃ (Max) / Temperature elevation capability : Environmental Temperature (20 - 40℃) - 300℃ / 60min less / Vacuum system : back suction system / Vacuum units : 10

NEO
X axis : 4,000mm (stroke) / Y axis : 2,000mm / Z axis : 1,200mm / C axis : 0° - ±270° / B axis : 0° - ±110° / Table working place : 4,000x2,000mm

【開発】
3Dプリンター | Markforged

Painting booth
Various painting, and clear finish is done in dedicated painting booth

Adhesion, Finishing, Coating Room
Finishing process, such as trimming, drilling, and bonding, surface treatment of the molded product type and is done in a private booth

Toshiba Matrixeye EX (Ultrasonic flaw detector)
Matrix-Arrey : 32

AMETEK CREAFORM Metra
SCAN750 Elite (3D scan)

Olympus Corp.
Inverted Microscopes

Oven
Size : W450xH450xD450mm / Temperature range : Environmental Temperature +20 - 650℃ / Temperature elevation capability : Environmental Temperature+50 - 650℃/120min less

Cutting Plotter Table working place : W1,500xL3,500mm

SHIMA SEIKI MFG., LTD
Cutting Plotter

KUKA
Robot

Krauss Maffei
Epoxy resin injection machine Resin 60L ／ Hardener 25L

Krauss Maffei
630t Press machine Height total 5,200mm ／ Length max 1,500mm ／ Width max 1,200mm ／ Whole cycle time per component part 240sec

DMG森精機 - NV5000B/40
X軸：1,020mm（ストローク）／ Y軸：510mm ／ Z軸：510mm ／テーブル作業面：1,320×600mm

Big sized clean room
JIS B 9920 cleanliness class maximum concentration (Pcs/m³） / Class 5 : 100,000m³ / Capacity : m² (16,000x16,000mm) 760m² (16,000x16,000x3,000mm) / Temperature and humidity condition : Temperature : 23℃±3℃, Humidity 65% less / Ambient conditions : Temperature 35℃ during summer, Humidity 70% less / Ambient conditions : Temperature 35℃ during summer, Humidity 70% less / Temperature -5℃ during winter, Humidity 40% less